Vinsun, An Indian Civil Engineering Company Case Study

Introduction With the significantly increasing demand of electrical and civil services of the country resulting from the urbanization of India, VINSUN, an Indian civil engineering company, has expanded rapidly to meet market demand. Due to the growth of the company, VINSUN has experienced problems, such as information overloading and lack of accessibility to data when needed; VINSUN needs a data management system to manage their business information. The existing information management system is not well set up to fulfill VINSUN’s needed. Employees currently save their work on their local computers while VINSUN has unconnected workstations; it requires enormous effort to gather all data needed every time when there is a project. Sunil†¦show more content†¦Besides, security is another element that VINSUN has to be aware of. Business information and data are always company’s most valuable assets. VINSUN has to make sure that the system offers a sufficient level of security to prevent leakage of data stored on the servers. Lastly, VINSUN should also take the past experience of the solutions into account. A new data management system is a large investment to VINSUN; the company would want to a smooth and successful implementation, or otherwise there will be tremendous amount of resources, time and money wasted. Therefore, an experienced program would be beneficial. Alternatives VINSUN has decided to adopt an ERP solution that the company determined will be the best resolution to help them in better management of their valuable data with the integration feature of ERP. There are 3 alternatives that the company is considering based on the pros and cons of each of the programs, given that functionality and cost-effectiveness are the main focusing components, followed by ease of use, security and risk, and records of successful implementation. Bluechip Corporation ERP on premise In terms of functionality, Bluechip’s ERP on premise system offers comprehensive features that perfectly meet VINSUN’s needs. As a primary provider of ERP solutions, this program has the history of successful implementation that the risk of investment is low. However, it has high initial setup and ongoing maintenance costs of

Deforestation of the Pacific Northwest - 1216 Words

Deforestation of the Pacific Northwest One of the most controversial areas associated with the global problem of deforestation is the Pacific Northwest of the US. The problem can be broken down into several issues that all tie in together. These include the near extinction of the Northern Spotted Owl, the business aspect of logging versus the environmental aspect, and the role of the government in this problem. In 1973, the Endangered Species Act (ESA) was passed. This enabled the Dept. of Commerce and Dept. of the Interior to place species, either land or marine, as either threatened or endangered. Under these terms species could no longer be hunted, collected, injured or killed. The northern spotted owl falls under the more†¦show more content†¦Guest speaker Jerry Howe would fall into this category as a private land owner. As a land steward, he believes he can do what he wants with his land. The term steward is used to mean that no one can truly own the land, it can only be used or under the care of a person. He uses clear-cutting when it has the smallest effect on the environment, he also uses strip cutting in which the forest is cut in strips to provide a buffer zone and is more aesthetically pleasing. His methods are better for the forest due to conservative forestry practices that speed up the regeneration of the forest. This produces a more sustainable yield than clear-cutting alone. While neither of these techniques is good for the environment, using wise management practices can still produce a large profit while conserving precious ecosystems. For large companies, such as Pacific Lumber, to switch to using conservative forestry practices would take more than proposals by environmentalists and the Forest Service to help the environment to change their current ways. For these companies to switch, it would cost them money to follow the more sustainable approach while also decreasing their profit due to less tree cutting in the short-term. In my opinion, it is up to the government to set standards that force these companies to switch by making regulations more strict as well as a greater number of them if need be. The roleShow MoreRelatedEssay Deforestation of The Pacific Northwest1212 Words   |  5 Pages Deforestation of the Pacific Northwest One of the most controversial areas associated with the global problem of deforestation is the Pacific Northwest of the US. The problem can be broken down into several issues that all tie in together. These include the near extinction of the Northern Spotted Owl, the business aspect of logging versus the environmental aspect, and the role of the government in this problem. In 1973, the Endangered Species Act (ESA) was passed. This enabledRead MoreEvolution Of The Declining Salmon Populations1672 Words   |  7 Pagesto the impact overfishing has on the salon populations (Ruckelshaus et al., 2002, pp. 679). Every year, around 385,000 metric tons of Pacific salmon are caught by commercial fisherman and with weak stock conditions, the natural life cycle of these fish cannot keep up (Knapp, 2007). Hydropower refers to the dams that currently block many rivers in the Pacific Northwest that prevent salmon from reaching or returning from their native spawning grounds (Gore and Doerr, 2000, pp. 40-41). This means thatRead MoreWhat Effect Does Deforestation Have On The World?1553 Words   |  7 PagesWhat effect does deforestation have on the world? 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Civilian Oversight and the LAPD free essay sample

Los Angles, and Washington, DC. Since that time, the Cleveland oversight movement has not lost any momentum. Indeed, over one hundred different oversight boards exist, covering law enforcement agencies that serve nearly one-third of the American population (ICP, 2000). According to Police Chief Magazine, about eighty-percent of the nations largest agencies have some form of civilian oversight (Barrow, 2003). It Is Interesting to note, today, the International Association of Chiefs of Police (ICP) lauds the implementation of civilian oversight.Conversely, forty years ago when the notion f civilian oversight was initially proposed, the ICP was one of its most vehement opponents. In a critique oaf Harvard Law Review article regarding police review boards, the ICP wrote, [citizen oversight] Is so violated of sound administrative concept as to be untenable. Any attempt of private groups to superimpose a police review board lends itself to the impairment of government through vigilantism, harassment, and usurpation of the legally constituted law enforcement personnel (Nacelle, 1965, p. ). So strong was the contempt for the Idea, LAP Chief Davis went so far as to call Cleveland oversight, the offspring of the communist conspiracy (Nacelle, 1965, p. 1). To be fair, during the same timeshare, the other side of the aisle was Justas contentious. In the book, Law Enforcement: The Matter of Redress, published shortly after the Watts riots in 1965, the UCLA called for public hearings of police officers accused of misconduct, where the complainant (or other interested parties) could cross-examine the officer (1969, p. 13).Clearly, it is not a communist -conspiracy to allow members of the public to participate in the implant process. Nor is advocating public witch trials of police officers alleged of misconduct the answer. While cooler heads may have prevailed, the debate over the value of civilian oversight continues. Consequently, the aim of this paper is to consider the role of civilian oversight in policing, examine its effectiveness, and the inherent problems associated with Investigating oversight agencies, in particular how sustain rates affect client oversight agencies.Civilian Oversight While there is no denying that the conversation over citizen oversight is worthwhile, before any discussion can take place, we must first define what civilian oversight 1 is. Although oversight allows various means of civilian involvement (as noted by Samuel Walker), most civilian oversight mechanisms have been particularly concerned with complaints against the police (2001 In fact, the legal definition of civilian oversight is, a municipal body composed of civilian representatives charged 1 OFF misconduct by police officers (Legal Dictionary Online, 2011).As with most legal definitions however, interpretation is key. In this instance, in regards to police policy orientation, what does citizens charged with the investigation mean? In other words, what is the role of citizen oversight? Role of Oversight in Policing While the nature of civilian involvement in the complaints process varies substantially between oversight agencies, as already noted, the role of civilian oversight is most oftentimes focused with complaints. However, the nature of how oversight is implemented varies between oversight agencies. According to Samuel Walker, four types of oversight are most common: Citizen Review Board: This type of oversight system is comprised wholly of civilians, and is given full responsibility for achieving and investigating complaints. If the complaint is sustained, the board submits recommendations for disciplinary or policy action. Police Review/Citizen Oversight: Under this type of oversight system, Police Officers receive, review, and investigate complaints. Any subsequent disciplinary or policy recommendations are also made by police officers.Oversight is limited too civilian (or a board of civilians) overseeing and/or reviewing the complaint investigation and findings. Police Review/ Citizen-police Appeal Board: Under this type of oversight system, complaints are viewed and investigated by police officers within their departments Internal Affairs division (DAD). If substantiated, AD will make recommendations to the Chief of Police. Complainants not satisfied with the outcome of the investigation can appeal to the oversight agency for a review.Independent Civilian Auditor: Under this type of oversight, police departments still investigate complaints, but an independent citizen auditor is assigned to review the departments complaint process. Once the audit has concluded, the auditor submits their findings and recommendations as needed. Additionally, some Auditors (such as those used in the City of Los Angles) have been authorized to review the practices and procedures used by the department. For instance, the Los Angles Police Commission recently assigned an independent auditor after receiving complaints that patrol cars were parking in red zones during non-emergency calls.Obviously, there are examples of civilian oversight agencies that do not fit neatly into one category or another. Many agencies could (and have), adopted hybrid versions of the above mechanisms as a means of resolving citizen complaints. For instance, interestingly, some agencies, such as the Los Angles Sheriffs Department, voluntarily requested oversight to review their policies and practices in a proactive attempt to mitigate risk of misconduct. While at the other end of the spectrum, a federal Judge mandated that the Los Angles Police Department be monitored as part of its consent decree following the Rafael Perez scandal.Effectiveness While the issue of whether cities should establish some form of citizen oversight may have already been settled, what remains to be answered is, are these oversight agencies effective? Given that the basic function of an oversight body is to receive and investigate complaints, determine their legitimacy, and impose sanctions, the obvious measure of effectiveness would be, does civilian oversight ensure a greater reception and a higher quality investigation of complaints, hence the likelihood of an increased sustain rate.While there is no shortage of academic literature or opinion s upport their claims. In fact, according to Mohr, in her study on performance indicators for civilian oversight, the only published study to scientifically evaluate the verbal effectiveness of an individual civilian oversight agency is Burdens Evaluating citizen oversight of police. (Mohr, 2007, p. 21) One explanation for the lack of empirical data is the multitude of variables that may be involved (e. G. What type of complaint was received (serious of frivolous), who received it, how was it received, etc. . As Samuel Walker points out, it is extremely difficult to Judge whether the sustain rate of complaints is different with or without oversight, because oversight may impact the kind of complaints received (2001). For these reasons, Perez, in his kook, Common Sense About Police Review, offers three indices that may be better suited for measuring the effectiveness of civilian oversight (1994). Integrity Legitimacy Learning Perez argues, since the majority of review systems focus on complaints, in essence, civilian oversight agencies are adjudicative bodies (p. 2). As such, the first manner in which to Judge the effectiveness of civilian oversight is not to look at sustain rates, but to consider its adjudicative function, specifically the Integrity of the system is the system fair, thorough, and objective (p. 72). For instance, rather than asking if he mechanism makes it easier to file complaints or predicts increased findings of police misconduct, the better questions to ask are, Was the complainant given an opportunity to voice their concern? Was the amount of evidence collected appropriate?Were the officers treated fairly and legally? Were the findings objective? Because complaints regarding the police are most oftentimes highly emotionally charged the complainants (and the police) notion of fairness and objectivity is usually directly related to the outcome of the complaint. Hence, since most complaints are not sustained (by any kind of review mechanism), most implants are not satisfied with the oversight mechanism. Consequently, Perez s uccessfully argues that along with integrity, any evaluation of effectiveness should be balanced with legitimacy (p. 74).Legitimacy is directly related to the publics perception of both the oversight agency and the police. A community must have faith in the legitimacy of its public institutions, particularly the police. Without community-based support, no modern police organization could maintain order in mass society. (p. 75). Because the legitimacy of the complaints process (and the law enforcement institution as a whole), lives and dies on the perception of the complainant and the public, it is imperative that the public view the actions of the oversight agency as rigorous and transparent.History reminds us, when misconduct causes the community to lose its trust in the police, the perception of malpractice ultimately becomes more important than the actual amount of real abuse. If the perception (fanned by the media), is that the oversight agency is lacking or secretive, it can easily lose its legitimacy. Given its extreme importance, how then does one measure an institutions legitimacy? As part of its community-based policing program, the oversight body (or the police agency) could initiate surveys of public confidence, or conduct exit-interviews of both the complainants and police officers.

Theatrical Skills Essay Example For Students

Theatrical Skills Essay How Theatrical Skills were used at a particular moment to create a specific effect for the audience  On 17th December, I along with other students at SHSG saw the play Nation at the National Theatre in London. Nation was a romantic comedy with elements of adventure and thrill. Nation was performed in the Olivier Theatre, which was an arena; this was very useful throughout the play as it had a very large performance stage, which allowed the actors to make good use of space by spreading out. In Act One, the sea storm created a very scary and tense atmosphere by using many techniques such as lighting, props and sound. These techniques were all used to create different effects but the same scary atmosphere.  Lighting created a tense atmosphere for the audience by having the stage dim with hints of blue lights, which represented the sea. Then suddenly, by having flashes of bright lights shooting down at the stage created the effect of lightning and by them being unexpected and sudden scared the audience, which created a successful scary atmosphere. It was successful in creating a scary atmosphere as the key point in a scary atmosphere is trying to scare the audience and in Nation the director achieved this. The director used the dark stage and beaming lights to represent a sea storm, he succeeded in doing this, as the audience were able to identify a storm. We will write a custom essay on Theatrical Skills specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The use of props was also very successful in creating a scary atmosphere and portraying the sea storm. The rope was used to show the outline of the ship; this idea was very simple but very effective. The rope allowed the cast to easily change from one scene to another, yet the audience were able to identify that it was representing a ship. The cast also helped to make the atmosphere thrilling as when they swayed in sync, to look like they were in a boat; it was very eerie to watch. This was because the cast looked very unstable and it was unclear whether all of them would manage to stay in the boat. The Director intended to create this thrilling atmosphere so the audience could empathise what it was like to have been in the current situation. This scene was set down stage so it was very intimidating to watch as it was going on in front of the audience. Upstage there were three big electronic projecting screens which allowed the director to project images to help set the scene. During the sea storm there was video footage of men drowning with the colours blue and red surrounding them. This film automatically created a scary atmosphere as it allowed the audience to make a connection between this scene and the idea of death. Also when people are drowning they are completely helpless and are just waiting for death to impend on them, so here the director has created a sense of pity as the men are unable to do anything to save themselves or others. The director has also created a contrast in colours as blue is normally associated with the calmness of the sea and red is associated with death and danger. Throughout this moment sounds of crashing waves and deadly screams were being played which built up the tension and led to audience anticipating whose screams they were. This was successful in creating a scary atmosphere as when the scene went on the music got louder, building up tension until everything came to a sudden climax, leaving the audience suspicious.  Overall, this moment was very successful in using a variety of theatrical skills to create a scary atmosphere for the audience, especially the lighting as it was used to help the audience identify the time of day and the set.